Washington —
华盛顿 —

The U.S.-based human rights and democracy research think tank Freedom House released its latest data on Thursday (February 6), showing that in 2024, governments in 23 countries engaged in transnational repression against exiled political activists, journalists, former regime insiders, and members of ethnic or religious minority groups, aiming to silence them.

美国人权及民主研究智库自由之家（Freedom House）星期四（2月6日）发布最新数据显示，在2024年，23个国家的政府跨境打压流亡的政治活动人士、记者、前政权内部人员以及少数族裔或宗教少数群体的成员，企图让他们噤声或沉默。

Freedom House stated in a press release that these governments employ a wide range of physical and digital tactics in their "transnational repression" efforts, forcing exiled political dissidents and diaspora communities to remain silent, posing a clear threat to global freedom.

自由之家在新闻稿中说，这些国家的政府实施的“跨国镇压”使用一整套人身和数码策略，迫使身处其他国家的政治流亡者或侨民社区的异议声音噤声，对全球的自由构成明显的威胁。

The statement noted that in 2024, these governments committed 160 physical transnational repression incidents across 34 countries, including assassinations, kidnappings, assaults, detentions, and unlawful deportations.

该声明说，2024年，这些政府在34个国家共犯下了160起涉及人身的跨国镇压事件，包括暗杀、绑架、袭击、拘留和非法驱逐出境。

The statement criticized the governments of China, Uganda, Cambodia, Russia, and Iran as the primary perpetrators of transnational repression in 2024.

声明批评中国、乌干达、柬埔寨、俄罗斯和伊朗的政府是2024年跨国镇压的主要肇事者。

Annie Boyajian, Acting Co-President of Freedom House, stated, "Regimes around the world are working to silence their critics, even those who have already sought refuge abroad."

自由之家代理共同总裁安妮·博亚吉安（Annie Boyajian）说：“世界各地的政权都在努力压制他们的批评者，即使他们已经在国外寻求庇护。”

"This is a growing problem that urgently needs to be addressed. Democracies have more work to do to protect these threatened communities, ensure their sovereignty, and uphold their values. The good news is that this is achievable."

“这是一个日益严重的问题，急需解决。民主国家还有更多工作要做，以保护这些受到威胁的社区，确保他们的主权，捍卫他们的价值观。好消息是，这是可以做到的。”

Between 2014 and 2024, Freedom House documented 1,219 direct physical transnational repression incidents carried out by 48 governments, spanning across 103 countries that host exiled dissidents and diaspora communities. The governments of China, Turkey, and Tajikistan were identified as the most frequent perpetrators of transnational repression since 2014.

从2014年至2024年的十年中，自由之家共记录了1219起直接的人身跨国镇压事件，由48个政府实施，跨越了103个收容了流亡异见人士和侨民社区国家的边界。中国、土耳其和塔吉克斯坦的政府是2014年以来总体上实施最多跨国镇压的肇事者。

The report's key findings indicate that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) remains the leading perpetrator of transnational repression. Since 2014, the CCP has been responsible for 272 documented cases of physical repression. In March 2024, Chinese Ministry of State Security personnel attempted to kidnap a Chinese dissident and force him onto an international flight to China at Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport.

报告公布的主要发现显示，中共仍然是跨国镇压的主要肇事者。自2014年以来，中共政权共对272起有记录的人身镇压事件负责。2024年3月，为中国国安部工作的人员试图绑架一名中国异见人士，并强迫他在巴黎戴高乐机场登上飞往中国的国际航班。

Meanwhile, the Tajikistani government is one of the most aggressive in pursuing dissidents abroad, committing nine incidents in 2024 alone and 92 since 2014. In November 2024, German authorities deported opposition activist Dilmurod Ergashev, who had participated in multiple peaceful protests against the Tajikistani government and had sought asylum in Germany since 2011. Upon arrival in the Tajikistani capital Dushanbe, he was arrested and remains imprisoned.

同时，塔吉克斯坦政府目前是追捕海外持不同政见者最积极的国家之一，2024年犯下9起事件，自2014年以来共犯下了92起事件。2024年11月，德国当局驱逐了反对派活动人士迪尔穆罗德·埃尔加舍夫（Dilmurod Ergashev）。他曾参加几次反对塔吉克斯坦政府的和平抗议活动，自2011年以来一直在德国寻求庇护。他在抵达塔吉克斯坦首都杜尚别后被拘捕，至今仍在监狱中。

In similar cases, some individuals deported to Tajikistan have been sentenced to decades in prison.

在类似的案件中，一些人在被遣返回塔吉克斯坦后被判处数十年的监禁。

The report also noted that in 2024, there were 73 incidents involving the targeting of groups of three or more people. The largest occurred in Kenya, where 36 Ugandan activists were kidnapped and deported to Uganda, accused of "receiving terrorist training" for attending a civil society workshop.

报告还表示，在2024年，有73起事件涉及同时针对三人或三人以上的群体事件。最大的发生在肯尼亚，36名乌干达活动人士被绑架并遣返回乌干达，并因参加公民社会研讨会而被指控“接受恐怖主义培训”。

Two additional group incidents occurred in Thailand. In February 2024, three Cambodian human rights activists were detained for planning protests ahead of Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet's first visit to Thailand. In another incident in November, six Cambodian activists were deported from Thailand and now face treason charges in Cambodia for posting critical comments about the authorities on Facebook.

泰国还发生了另外两起针对群体的事件。2024年2月，三名柬埔寨人权活动人士因在柬埔寨首相洪玛奈（Hun Manet）首次访问泰国前策划抗议活动而被拘留。在11月的另一起事件中，六名柬埔寨活动人士被泰国驱逐出境，目前因在脸书（Facebook）上发表批评当局的评论而在柬埔寨面临叛国罪指控。

Yana Gorokhovskaia, Freedom House’s Director for Strategy and Design Research, stated, "Transnational repression continues to threaten global democracy, freedom, and security."

自由之家战略与设计研究主任亚娜·戈罗霍夫斯卡娅（Yana Gorokhovskaia）说：“跨国镇压持续威胁全球的民主、自由和安全。”

"With a quarter of the world's governments attempting to suppress dissent abroad, democratic governments and civil society must take more concrete actions to defend and protect those facing escalating threats."

“鉴于全球四分之一的政府试图压制跨国异议，民主政府和公民社会必须采取更具体行动，捍卫和保护那些面临日益严重威胁的人。”

Freedom House’s transnational repression database categorizes and tracks incidents since 2014. While transnational repression often involves digital intimidation, the database focuses on physical incidents, including assassinations, attacks, detentions, and unlawful deportations. The reported incidents may represent only a fraction of the actual total.

自由之家的跨国镇压数据库对2014年以来的事件进行分类和追踪。虽然跨国镇压行为通常使用数码恐吓等策略在网上进行，但该数据库则重于直接的人身事件，包括暗杀、袭击、拘留和非法驱逐出境。这些报告的事件可能只占实际发生事件总数的一小部分。

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